Quartz iav muaj cov khoom siv zoo heev, thermal, kho qhov muag thiab tshuaj lom neeg, thiab yog dav siv hauv semiconductor, aerospace, optics, optical kev sib txuas lus, photovoltaic thiab teeb pom kev zoo. Quartz iav yog ib qho kev lag luam iav tsim los ntawm ib feem ntawm silica. Vim tias silica yog atomic siv lead ua thiab Si-O yog covalent daim ntawv cog lus, quartz iav muaj qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj ruaj khov; Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm Si-O yog qhov loj thiab cov qauv yog compact, uas ua rau quartz iav muaj cov khoom siv zoo thiab muaj zog ua haujlwm; Tsis tas li ntawd, quartz iav muaj qhov ntom me me. Lub caij no, lub microstructure ntawm quartz iav yog ib qho yooj yim network tsim ntawm silicon dioxide tetrahedral structural units, nrog luv luv kev txiav txim thiab ntev ntau yam teeb meem, uas ua rau nws optical zog zoo heev thiab dielectric zog siab.
Daim ntawv thovⅠ: Kev lag luam semiconductor
Quartz iav yog cov khoom siv tsis tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam semiconductor
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm semiconductor ntau lawm, quartz iav khoom yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv monocrystalline silicon manufacturing thiab wafer manufacturing. Txhua yam quartz Cheebtsam thiab cov twj paj nruag yog cov ntaub ntawv xav tau hauv kev tu, oxidation, photolithography, etching, diffusion thiab lwm yam txuas. Cov ntaub ntawv quartz iav yog tsim los rau hauv cov khoom siv quartz iav xws li cov tub rauv, lub nkoj thav duab, grooves, rings, flanges, tswb hub, thiab muag rau cov khoom siv semiconductor manufacturers. Tsis tas li ntawd, wafer manufacturers tseem yuav ncaj qha mus yuav cov khoom siv quartz iav los ntawm cov khoom siv khoom siv. Cov ntsiab lus impurity thiab geometric loj ntawm quartz iav khoom ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw.
Quartz iav cov khoom siv nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum tsis tshua muaj hydroxyl cov ntsiab lus thiab feem ntau yog npaj los ntawm hluav taws xob melting; Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias, roj fused quartz iav yog xav paub ntau dua thiab siv; Hauv kev tsim cov npog ntsej muag, quartz iav npaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem hluavtaws nrog cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj impurity thiab kev xa tawm siab ntau dua.
（2） Kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb semiconductor tseem tab tom loj hlob, nrog rau kev loj hlob nce mus txog cov ntaub ntawv siab hauv 2021
Nyob rau hauv 2021, qhov kev thov ntawm lub ntiaj teb no semiconductor kev lag luam muaj zog, thiab lub ntiaj teb no wafer mov yog luv luv. Tsav los ntawm kev lag luam tawm tshiab xws li 5G, cov neeg siv khoom siv hluav taws xob, Is Taws Nem ntawm Yam, kev txawj ntse, thiab kev tsav tsheb tsis siv neeg, lub ntiaj teb semiconductor kev ua lag luam scene txuas ntxiv mus muaj koob meej. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm American Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) qhia tias lub ntiaj teb semiconductor kev lag luam loj yuav ncav cuag 555.9 billion US las hauv 2021, cov ntaub ntawv siab, nce 26.2% piv nrog 440.4 billion US dollars hauv 2020. Tam sim no, Tuam Tshoj tseem yog qhov loj tshaj plaws semiconductor daim ntawv thov kev lag luam nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, nrog tag nrho cov muag khoom ntawm 192.5 billion US dollars nyob rau hauv 2021, nce 27.1% xyoo nyob rau hauv lub xyoo.
Cov txheej txheem kev npaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm hluav taws xob feem ntau yuav tsum tau siv thiab siv ntau ntawm high-end quartz iav cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom. Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev lag luam cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob, qhov kev thov rau high-end quartz iav cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam semiconductor yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev loj hlob ntxiv.
Daim ntawv thovⅡ: Aerospace Kev Lag Luam
Quartz iav fiber ntau thiab composites raws li quartz iav fiber ntau muaj qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam, ablation tsis kam, siab kis tau tus mob thiab hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev zog, uas yog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm aerospace thiab marine khoom. Cov teb chaws loj hauv ntiaj teb tab tom ua kom nrawm rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam aerospace tawm tswv yim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no, daim ntawv teev cov quartz iav fiber ntau thiab nws cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub aerospace teb yuav txuas ntxiv mus, ushering nyob rau hauv ib tug dav txoj kev loj hlob qhov chaw.
Daim ntawv thovⅢ: Kev lag luam kho qhov muag
Cov khoom siv hluavtaws quartz iav yog siv los ua lub lens thiab prism hauv high-end optical teb, TFT-LCD high-definition zaub thiab photomask substrate khoom rau IC. Nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam high-tech, kev lag luam kho qhov muag tau tuav ib qho kev loj hlob zoo nyob rau xyoo tas los no. Nrog rau kev txhim kho nrawm ntawm 5G, AIoT thev naus laus zis thiab cov txheej txheem digital thoob ntiaj teb, kev nkag mus ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv nce ntxiv, cov xwm txheej tshiab thiab cov ntawv thov txhawb nqa ntau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm IT cov khoom, thiab kev loj hlob sai ntawm lub zog tshiab tsheb lag luam tsav mus tas li. kev loj hlob ntawm cov zaub vaj huam sib luag xav tau. Nyob rau hauv 2021, tus nqi tso zis thiab tso zis ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tshiab zaub kev lag luam mus txog ib tug tshiab siab. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam, lub ntiaj teb cov txiaj ntsig tso tawm ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag tshiab hauv xyoo 2021 yuav yog kwv yees li 150 billion las.
Daim ntawv thovⅣ: Optical kev sib txuas lus kev lag luam
Lub quartz iav kov pas nrig yog siv los ua cov khoom txhawb nqa hauv kev tso nyiaj thiab sintering ntawm optical fiber preforms thiab optical fiber ntau kos duab hauv kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag. Xyoo 2022, kev txhim kho ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam kev sib txuas lus qhia tau hais tias muaj kev sib raug zoo, thiab kev tsim kho thiab kev siv nrov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab xws li 5G thiab gigabit optical network yuav ua tiav nrawm dua.
Kev nkag mus thiab rov qab los ntawm 5G lub hauv paus chaw nres tsheb xav tau kev pab kho qhov muag fiber ntau. Kev kho qhov muag fiber ntau thiab cable yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm 5G cov ntaub ntawv sib kis network. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm 5G network kev tsim kho tau coj qhov kev lag luam nce ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab yuav txuas ntxiv txhawb kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam fiber ntau. Txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag yuav ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm qhov kev thov rau cov khoom siv kho qhov muag fiber ntau thiab cable, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm quartz iav kev lag luam.
Quartz iav Market
Kev lag luam semiconductor yog daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv quartz iav, thiab lwm yam kev lag luam feem ntau suav nrog photovoltaic, optical fiber kev sib txuas lus thiab hluav taws xob lub teeb. Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev loj hlob tus nqi, semiconductor thiab photovoltaic yog lub hauv paus loj hlob xyaw ntawm quartz iav kev lag luam tam sim no, thiab kev lag luam sib faib yuav tsum nthuav dav ntxiv rau yav tom ntej.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Quartz Industrial Glass Association, cov khoom siv quartz, quartz substrate thiab quartz iav (xws li crucible) feem ntau suav txog li 40%, 30% thiab 30% hauv cov khoom siv semiconductor. Raws li kev txheeb cais ntawm Techcet, lub koom haum tshawb fawb Asmeskas rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, 90% ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov khoom siv purity quartz raw khoom yog siv hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob txhua xyoo. Nyob rau hauv 2022, lub ntiaj teb no kev lag luam chaw rau semiconductor quartz iav ntaub ntawv yuav ncav cuag li US $ 3 billion.
